Linux内核-网卡驱动移植

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FarSight讨论 | 贡献2021年3月18日 (四) 16:47的版本 实验原理

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实验原理

STM32MP157A系列SoC集成一个千兆以太网媒体访问控制器,支持RMII和MII两种标准的PHY,FS-MP1A设备上外接了一个瑞昱的千兆以太网PHY芯片RTL8211F,原理图如下:

50-1-1-1.png

查看原理图得出RTL8211F数据管脚与STM32MP157A的管脚对应关系如下:

原理图网络编号 对应管脚 管脚功能 管脚功能码
ETH_MDC PC1 ETH1_MDC AF11
ETH_MDIO PA2 ETH1_MDIO AF11
ETH_TXD0 PG13 ETH1_*MII_ TXD0 AF11
ETH_TXD1 PG14 ETH1_*MII_ TXD1 AF11
ETH_TXD2 PC2 ETH1_*MII_ TXD2 AF11
ETH_TXD3 PE2 ETH1_*MII_ TXD3 AF11
ETH_TX_EN PB11 ETH1_*MII_ TX_EN AF11
ETH_TX_CLK PG4 ETH1_*MII_ GTX_CLK AF11
ETH_RXD0 PC4 ETH1_*MII_ RXD0 AF11
ETH_RXD1 PC5 ETH1_*MII_ RXD1 AF11
ETH_RXD2 PB0 ETH1_*MII_ RXD2 AF11
ETH_RXD3 PB1 ETH1_*MII_ RXD3 AF11
ETH_RX_DV PA7 ETH1_*MII_RX _DV AF11
ETH_RX_CLK PA1 ETH1_*MII_RX _CLK AF11
ETH_CLK125 PG5 ETH1_*MII_ CLK125 AF11
ETH_RST PH2 ETH1_*MII_ CRS AF11
  1. 网卡设备树节点

  2. 参考文档:

    Documentation/devicetree/bindings/net/stm32-dwmac.txt
    Documentation/devicetree/bindings/net/ethernet-controller.yaml
    Documentation/devicetree/bindings/net/ethernet-phy.yaml
    Documentation/devicetree/bindings/net/snps,dwmac.yam
    

    内核中ST对STM32MP15x系列芯片的设备树资源了做了定义,可参见:

    arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp151.dtsi
    

    stm32mp151中ethernet定义如下:

    ethernet0: ethernet@5800a000 {
    	compatible = "st,stm32mp1-dwmac", "snps,dwmac-4.20a";
    	reg = <0x5800a000 0x2000>;
    	reg-names = "stmmaceth";
    	interrupts-extended = <&intc GIC_SPI 61 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>,
    					      <&exti 70 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
    	interrupt-names = "macirq",
    					  "eth_wake_irq";
    	clock-names = "stmmaceth",
    				   "mac-clk-tx",
    				   "mac-clk-rx",
    				   "ethstp";
    	clocks = <&rcc ETHMAC>,
    			 <&rcc ETHTX>,
    			 <&rcc ETHRX>,
    			 <&rcc ETHSTP>;
    	st,syscon = <&syscfg 0x4>;
    	snps,mixed-burst;
    	snps,pbl = <2>;
    	snps,en-tx-lpi-clockgating;
    	snps,axi-config = <&stmmac_axi_config_0>;
    	snps,tso;
    	power-domains = <&pd_core>;
    	status = "disabled";
    };
    

    上述代码只对ethernet做了基本的初始化,并没有针对不同的硬件设计做适配,所以需结合硬件补全设备树节点信息。

    对照内核文档目录下相关文档添加补充相关信息,亦可参考内核中其他设备树文件中相关描述,比如stm32mp15xx-dkx.dtsi关于ethernet的描述符合我们的要求,内容如下:

    &ethernet0 {
    	status = "okay";
    	pinctrl-0 = <&ethernet0_rgmii_pins_a>;
    	pinctrl-1 = <&ethernet0_rgmii_pins_sleep_a>;
    	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
    	phy-mode = "rgmii-id";
    	max-speed = <1000>;
    	phy-handle = <&phy0>;
    
    	mdio0 {
    		#address-cells = <1>;
    		#size-cells = <0>;
    		compatible = "snps,dwmac-mdio";
    		phy0: ethernet-phy@0 {
    			reg = <0>;
    		};
    	};
    };
    
  3. 管脚定义

  4. 在内核中STM32MP1默认管脚定义在文件arch/arm/dts/stm32mp15-pinctrl.dtsi中,查看文件中是否有需要的管脚定义:

    查看后确认有ethernet的管脚定义,且与FS-MP1A硬件使用情况一致,定义如下:

    ethernet0_rgmii_pins_a: rgmii-0 {
    	pins1 {
    		pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('G', 5, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_CLK125 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('G', 4, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_GTX_CLK */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('G', 13, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_TXD0 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('G', 14, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_TXD1 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('C', 2, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_TXD2 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('E', 2, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_TXD3 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('B', 11, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_TX_CTL */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('C', 1, AF11)>; /* ETH_MDC */
    		bias-disable;
    		drive-push-pull;
    		slew-rate = <2>;
    	};
    	pins2 {
    		pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('A', 2, AF11)>; /* ETH_MDIO */
    		bias-disable;
    		drive-push-pull;
    		slew-rate = <0>;
    	};
    	pins3 {
    		pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('C', 4, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_RXD0 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('C', 5, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_RXD1 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('B', 0, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_RXD2 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('B', 1, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_RXD3 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('A', 1, AF11)>, /* ETH_RGMII_RX_CLK */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('A', 7, AF11)>; /* ETH_RGMII_RX_CTL */
    		bias-disable;
    	};
    };
    
    ethernet0_rgmii_pins_sleep_a: rgmii-sleep-0 {
    	pins1 {
    		pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('G', 5, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_CLK125 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('G', 4, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_GTX_CLK */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('G', 13, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_TXD0 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('G', 14, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_TXD1 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('C', 2, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_TXD2 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('E', 2, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_TXD3 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('B', 11, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_TX_CTL */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('A', 2, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_MDIO */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('C', 1, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_MDC */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('C', 4, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_RXD0 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('C', 5, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_RXD1 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('B', 0, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_RXD2 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('B', 1, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_RXD3 */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('A', 1, ANALOG)>, /* ETH_RGMII_RX_CLK */
    				 <STM32_PINMUX('A', 7, ANALOG)>; /* ETH_RGMII_RX_CTL */
    	};
    };
    

实验目的

熟悉基于Linux操作系统下的网卡驱动移植配置过程。

实验平台

华清远见开发环境,FS-MP1A平台;

实验步骤

  • 添加网卡设备树配置。

修改arch/arm/dts/stm32mp15xx-fsmp1x.dts文件

在文件末尾添加如下内容:

&ethernet0 {
	status = "okay";
	pinctrl-0 = <&ethernet0_rgmii_pins_a>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&ethernet0_rgmii_pins_sleep_a>;
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
	phy-mode = "rgmii-id";
	max-speed = <1000>;
	phy-handle = <&phy0>;

	mdio0 {
		#address-cells = <1>;
		#size-cells = <0>;
		compatible = "snps,dwmac-mdio";
		phy0: ethernet-phy@0 {
			reg = <0>;
		};
	};
};
  • 配置内核

由于内核源码默认配置以及支持网卡,本节列出主要选项,如下:

linux@ubuntu:$ make menuconfig
Device Drivers  --->
	[*] Network device support  --->
			[*]   Ethernet driver support  --->
			<*>     STMicroelectronics Multi-Gigabit Ethernet driver
			<*>       STMMAC Platform bus support
			<*>         Support for snps,dwc-qos-ethernet.txt DT binding.
			<*>         Generic driver for DWMAC
			<*>         STM32 DWMAC support
  • 编译内核及设备树:
linux@ubuntu:$ make -j4 uImage dtbs LOADADDR=0xC2000040
  • 重启测试

将编译好的设备树和内核镜像拷贝到/tftpboot目录下,通过tftp引导内核,重启设备后可以看到如下启动信息:

50-1-4-1.png

50-1-4-2.png

通过Ping 测试网卡

linux@fsmp1a:$ ping www.baidu.com

50-1-4-3.png

如果设备不能接入以太网,可以ping主机